what is organizational behavior - 1418 Words

1. What is Organizational Behavior? Study of the impact individuals, groups, and structure has on behavior within an organization. This is studied by managers to improve an organizations work environment to find methods to increase the bottom line. Basically it is a study of the way people act within an organization when exposed to different elements such as leadership styles, behaviors of others, and incentives. 2. Maslow theory hierarchy of needs? Physiological- Basic needs or body needs; food, water, shelter, sex, and other. Safety = security and protection. Social = Affecton, belongingness, acceptance, and friendship. Esteem = Internal factors such as self-respect, autonomy and achievement. Self-actualization = Drive to be all we†¦show more content†¦Management by objectives – Tangible verifiable, and measurable 6. Self Chapter 8 1. Job design- The way the elements in a job are organized 2. Job Enrichment- expands the job so the employee controls the planning, execution and evaluation 3. Job Rotation- Moving around Cross-train 4. Employee Involvement- more involved, more productive employees 5. Participative management- Joint decision making Vs Representative participation – workers are represented in a small group (Union). Chapter 9 1. Formal Group- Organized, Such as work group 2. Informal Group – No Formally structured nor organized 3. ESSAY - Five-Stage Model Forming- Beginning of group Storming- Accept existence of group but are working out the kinks Norming-Setting standards Performing- Work get done Adjourning- Job completed 4. Role- What is expected by an organization 5. Role Perception – What you think your role is 6. Norms – Standards so you know when people are outside the norm set by leaders 7. Deviant workplace Behavior- behavior that violates organizational norms. 8. ESSAY - Group vs Individual Strengths of group decision is from many, Increase diversity, more knowledge. Individual – Expeditious, single point of success 9. Social Loafing- Expend less effort when working in a group-causing caos Chapter 10 1. Work group – Primarily to share information 2. Work Team – Set Goal Accomplishment work on a project to get something done 3. Teams - Problem solvingShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Organizational Behavior?1458 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational Behavior - a systematic study of a person’s behavior. Several issues of interest to organizational behavior researchers: Motivation, Emotions, Personality and Communication. (Self Assessment Library? IV.G.1) Interpersonal Skills: A. Importance of Interpersonal Skills in the Workplace. Previously, Business School focused on technical aspects of management, inc: econ, accounting, finance, etc. Human Behavior and People skills was barely covered. Last 30 years thoughRead MoreWhat Are Organizational Behavior? Essay2208 Words   |  9 Pages1.4 What is Organizational Behavior? Organizational behavior is the systematic study and careful application of knowledge about how people – as individuals and as groups – act within organizations. On the other hand, OB is the study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations. Organizations: Organizations are groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose. Goals of organizational behavior -Describe: Systematically, how people behave under a variety of conditionsRead MoreWhat is Organizational Behavior?1215 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational behaviour is the â€Å"study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations† (McShane Steen, 2012 p.480). In seminar class on week 6, we completed both in person and in team the winter survival exercise as a class. The winter survival exercise is made up of a list a group of survivors need after crash-landing with a small plane in the woods of Southern Manitoba. The list ranges from ball of steel wool, newspaper, .†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and family-size chocolate bar (one per person). DuringRead MoreWhat is an organization? At what three levels is organizational behavior usually examined?1484 Words   |  6 Pages1. What is an organization? At what three levels is organizational behavior usually examined?More specifically, organization design is a formal, guided process for integrating the people, information a nd technology of an organization. It is used to match the form of the organization as closely as possible to the purpose(s) the organization seeks to achieve. Through the design process, organizations act to improve the probability that the collective efforts of members will be successful. TypicallyRead MoreOrganizational Behavior - What Are the Sources of Conflict for These Conflict Incidents743 Words   |  3 Pages09901366442 – 09902787224 Organizational Behavior    Q1.  Do you believe people are really getting smarter? Why or why not? Q2.  Which of the factors explaining the Flynn Effect do you buy? Q3.  Are there any societal advantages of disadvantages to the Flynn Effect? Q4.  What performance problems is the captain trying to correct? Q5.  Use the MARS model of individual behavior and performance to diagnose the possible causes of the unacceptable behavior. Q6.  Has the captain consideredRead MoreWhat Is Organizational Citizen Behavior And How Much Difference Does It Make An Organization?805 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction: What is Organisational Citizen behavior and how much difference does it make to an organisation? Will it affect the over all mood and performance of the place. Does this behavior only affect employees or all staff including all levels of management? Could some of the theories seem utopian and unrealistic considering the multileveled aspects of human behaviors? What type of impact does externals, things like cultural norms and societal traditions have on the implementation of a successfulRead MoreOrganizational Behavior - What Is Kaizen I Low Is This Different from a One-Step Leap Forward737 Words   |  3 Pages09901366442 – 09902787224 Organizational Behavior    Q1.  Do you believe people are really getting smarter? Why or why not? Q2.  Which of the factors explaining the Flynn Effect do you buy? Q3.  Are there any societal advantages of disadvantages to the Flynn Effect? Q4.  What performance problems is the captain trying to correct? Q5.  Use the MARS model of individual behavior and performance to diagnose the possible causes of the unacceptable behavior. Q6.  Has the captain consideredRead MoreThe Relevance Of Organizational Behavior1202 Words   |  5 Pagesterms, organizational behavior concerns itself with the behavior of individuals in the organizational setting. This text concerns itself with the study of organizational behavior. In so doing, this paper will amongst other things address not only the various concepts associated with organizational behavior but also the relevance of studying the same as an academic discipline. Organizational Behavior: A Concise Definition In seeking to define organizational behavior, we must first define what an organizationRead MoreMGT 312 Entire Course1103 Words   |  5 PagesWEEK 1 Organizational Behavior Paper       Write  a 700- to 1,050-word paper explaining the role and purpose of organizational behavior. Explain the main components of organizational behavior.  MGT 312 WEEK 1 Organizational Behavior Paper Provide examples of how these organizational behavior components relate to your workplace. How will knowledge of organizational behavior benefit you as a manager? Include  at least two scholarly citations from the library.  MGT 312 WEEK 1 Organizational Behavior PaperRead MoreIndividual Behaviour Research Paper983 Words   |  4 Pages3rd lecture Individual Behavior Prof. Dr. Robert J. Zaugg robert.zaugg@unifr.ch Individual Behavior Learning Objectives †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Explain the nature of the individual-organization relationship Define personality and describe personality attributes that affect behavior in organizations Discuss individual attitudes in organizations and how they affect behavior Describe basic perceptual processes and the role of attributions in organizations Explain how workplace behaviors can directly or indirectly

The Cask of Amontillado and Annabell Lee Free Essays

Sloan Davis EH223 Rita Treutel 12-4-10 â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† â€Å"Annabell Lee† Edgar Allan Poe is arguably the best romantic writer we have ever seen. I believe â€Å"Annabell Lee† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† are perfect examples of Romantic Literature. â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"Annabell Lee† both possess romantic subject matter, attitudescomma and techniques commabut â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† has been called the â€Å"perfect short story† by a number of critics of the years, and I would undoubtedly agree. We will write a custom essay sample on The Cask of Amontillado and Annabell Lee or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Cask of Amontillado† begins with a strong characterization and mood continuing throughout the entire story. It stresses strong grotesque and gothic themes of terror and even encounters the universal fear of the unknown, making the story appealing to virtually everyone. Montresor makes a very interesting comment in the beginning of the story, â€Å"†¦. and he did not perceive that my smile now was at the thought of immolation. † From the beginningcomma Montresor had grotesque thoughts of what he wanted Fortunto’s fate to be. Montresor committed premeditated murder. â€Å"Annabell Lee,† also has romantic subject matter but it is an interest in the past. Even though both works by Poe have romantic subject matter â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† draws the reader in with every sentence packed full of romanticism that never even gives the reader a chance to put the story down. In both works, Poe does a wonderful job of not focusing on details of location. He tells the reader just enough to get them hooked and leaves the reader hanging without details. The Cask of Amontillado† automatically gives the reader a vague view of the situation. Poe begins with, â€Å"The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult I vowed revenge. † What are the â€Å"thousand injuries† that Montresor is talking about that Poe never reveals throughout the story? In the second line, â€Å"You, who so well know the nature of my soul†¦,† we are once again given vague details. Who knows Montresor so well that they know his soul? Is Montresor retelling this story after it has taken place? If so, to whom would he share such a dark secret? These questions are ones that make this story so captivating. The sense of mystery invites readers to dive deeper in the world that Poe has created. Poe also gives the same sense of mystery in â€Å"Annabell Lee† by giving no specific time and setting; just a vague visual in the first two lines, â€Å"It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea.. ,† once again raising questions that have no answer. I believe the sense of mystery is emmensely stronger in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† further proving itself as the â€Å"perfect short story. † In the poem, â€Å"Annabell Lee,† Poe digs deep into emotions, rather than reasoning. In the poem He his love for Annabell Lee was so strong that it made the angels jealous of their love. In the fifth stanza, my favorite line of the poem, â€Å"And neither the angels in heaven above, nor the demons down under the sea, can ever dissever my soul from the soul of the beautiful Annabell Lee. The stress on emotion is so beautifully written, and Poe does an amazing job of making the reader feel, relate and understand the love for Annabell Lee. â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† also has strong emotion. Montresor vows to get revenge for the wrongs that Fortunato did to him, whether it was all in Montresor’s head or it is reality. I find it very interesting in the last paragraph of the â€Å"The Cask,† Montre sor says his heart grew sick after the deed was complete, is he feeling remorseful or simply sad that it is over and he received no more pleasure from his revengeful act. How to cite The Cask of Amontillado and Annabell Lee, Papers

Descriptive Statistics for Nonparametric Model

Question: Describe your research study. State a hypothesis. List and explain the variables you would collect in this study. There must be a minimum of three variables and two must meet the assumptions for a correlational analysis. Create a fictitious data set that you will analyze. The data should have a minimum of 30 cases, but not more than 50 cases. Conduct a descriptive data analysis that includes the following: a measure of central tendency a measure of dispersion at least one graph Briefly interpret the descriptive data analysis. Conduct the appropriate statistical test that will answer your hypothesis. It must be a statistical test covered in this course such as regression analysis, single t-test, independent t-test, cross-tabulations, Chi-square, or One-Way ANOVA. Explain your justification for using the test based on the type of data and the level of measurement that the data lends to for the statistical analysis. Answer: Introduction Every college have their college placement tests, which helps the students of that college to find their job after completing their college education. Various such tests take place in the colleges of the United States of America. Students had been attending these tests over the years and eventually they are placed from their college (McMillan Schumacher, 2012). With time, some of these students change their jobs while some stick to the jobs they got from their college placement. Within a span of ten years, the income of these students changes from the income they had during their time of joining the job (Bickel Lehmann, 2012). In this assignment, the dependency of the income of these students on the scores of their college placement test would be analysed. Data would be collected for this analysis and these collected data would be analysed using various statistical tools. Interpretation of these analyses would the result of the desired hypothesis. Graphs and charts would accompany these analyses in order to give a better interpretation of the collected data. Discussion Data collection Data had been collected by the methods of survey. The ex-students of the colleges of the United States of America were selected for the survey of this report. The students who had been working for at least ten years had been selected as the category of this assignment. Thirty such ex-students had been randomly selected from the chosen category of samples. These thirty ex-students of the United States of America were asked about their scores at their college placement tests, their income during the first job and their income ten years after the college placement tests. Quantitative data had been collected from the survey (McMillan Schumacher, 2012). Thus, primary research was used to collect the data for this assignment. Both male and female ex-students of the United States of America participated in the survey. Hypothesis The hypothesis of this survey is given below. H0 : scores of the students in their college placement test do not affect their income after ten years of college H1: scores of the students in their college placement test affect their income after ten years of college Analysis and interpretation On analysing the collected data for the survey, it was seen that among the thirty samples of the survey, 19 respondents were male and 11 respondents were female. The responses of these respondents showed that the average score of the standardized college placement test out of 100 was 83.06 (Bickel Lehmann, 2012). This shows that the average scores of the ex-students were above average. The standard deviation of the score of the standardized college placement test out of 100 was found to be 9.013. The variance of the scores of the tests was found to be 81.2368. This shows that the scores of the test varied widely among the students. The range of the scores of the tests was found to be 40. It can be interpreted that there was huge variation among the scores of the students. The maximum score of the test was found to be 99 and the minimum score was found to be 59. The mode of the score was found to be 90 (Kock, 2013). It can be interpreted that many students scored 90 in their college placement test out of 100. Figure 1: Graph of scores on a standardized college placement test (out of 100) (Source: created by author) On analysing the data of the variable, level of income immediately after college placement (per year in $), it was seen that the average level of income for the students was $928.67. It can be interpreted that the average income level of the students just after completing their college was good. The standard deviation of this variable was found to be 235.0309 and the variance was 55239.5403 (McEwen Dean, 2015). This shows that there was huge variation among the income of the students. The range of the level of income for the selected samples was found to be $1100. The maximum income by any student of the sample was $1500 and the minimum income of a student of the sample was $400 (Samuels et al., 2012). This shows a high variability among the income level of the samples. It can be interpreted that the students who gave the college placement test, were placed in different companies that had different pay scale from each other. It can be possible that the students were placed according to their scores in the college placement test and they got their companies and pay scale according to this test. The mode of level of income immediately after college placement (per year in $) was found to be $800 (Weiss Weiss, 2012). This shows that the income of most of the students after their placement was $800. Figure 2: Graph of level of income immediately after college placement (per year in $) (Source: created by author) The data given by the ex-students of the colleges of the United States of America shows the level of income a person makes 10 years after college (per year in $). The data shows that the average value of level of income a person makes 10 years after college (per year in $) is $ 87133.33 (Qiao et al., 2015). This shows that there is a high level of income among the ex-students of the colleges of the United States of America. The standard deviation of the level of income a person makes 10 years after college (per year in $) was found to be 23105.057 and the variance was found to be 533843678.2 (Kleinbaum et al., 2013). This shows that there was huge variability among the income of the ex-students of the colleges of the United States of America. There is a huge difference among the salary of the ex-students after ten years of their college placement. The highest salary of the ex-students after ten years of their college life is $ 150000 and the lowest salary of the ex-students after ten years of their college life is $ 30000 (Cameron Trivedi, 2013). The range of the salary is $ 120000. This suggests that there was huge difference in the salaries of the ex-students after ten years of their college placement. However, this does not show that this difference in the income of the students after ten years of their college placement test. The mode of the level of income a person makes 10 years after college (per year in $) was $ 80000 (Draper Smith, 2014). This shows that most of the ex-students of the colleges of the United States of America had their salary as $ 80000 after ten years of their college placement examination. Figure 3: Graph of level of income a person makes 10 years after college (per year in $) (Source: created by author) Regression analysis was done for the dependent variable, level of income a person makes 10 years after college (per year in $). The independent variables for this regression analysis are scores on a standardized college placement test (out of 100) and level of income immediately after college placement (per year in $) (Montgomery et al., 2015). On performing the regression analysis, the value of R square was found to be 0.64 (Chatterjee Hadi, 2015). This shows that the data is moderately fitted in the regression line. It also suggests that the variability of the data is 68% around its mean. The value of the f-statistic is 24.30419 and the value of Significance F is 9.17732E-07. Considering the level of significance as 0.05, is was seen that the p-value of the regression is less than 0.05 (Fox, 2015). This leads to the rejection of null hypothesis. It can be stated that the scores of the students in their college placement test affect their income after ten years of college. It can be interpreted that the students who got their jobs from the college placement might not have changed their jobs over the years. They had stuck to the job, which had influenced their salary in a negative way. It can also be interpreted that the merits of the students who had scored less marks in their college placement examination were less than those who have scored higher marks in the examination. Thus, it is seen that the income of the students was affected by the marks of the college placement examination. Conclusion The effect of the marks secured any student in the college placement examination on the income level of those students after ten years of their college life was analysed in this assignment. Data was collected by primary survey method. The quantitative data collected for the research was analysed and interpreted to draw a conclusion of the hypothesis test. Statistical methods of descriptive statistics and regression analysis were performed on the collected data set. It was seen that both male and female employees participated in this survey. The survey result shows that the average score of the college placement examination was above average for the selected samples. The income of the selected samples just after the completion of their college was found to be good as a fresher. As the years passed by, after ten years of their college placement examination, it was seen that the salary level of the respondents was good. However, regression analysis suggested rejection of null hypothesis and it was seen that the marks in the examination of placement at their college had affected their income ten years hence. It could be concluded that the types of jobs the respondents got due to their college placement examination had influenced their jobs in the near future. This might have affected their income level ten years after the college placement examination. References Bickel, P. J., Lehmann, E. L. (2012). Descriptive statistics for nonparametric models IV. Spread. InSelected Works of EL Lehmann(pp. 519-526). Springer US. Cameron, A. C., Trivedi, P. K. (2013).Regression analysis of count data(Vol. 53). Cambridge university press. Chatterjee, S., Hadi, A. S. (2015).Regression analysis by example. John Wiley Sons. Draper, N. R., Smith, H. (2014).Applied regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Fox, J. (2015).Applied regression analysis and generalized linear models. Sage Publications. Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., Nizam, A., Rosenberg, E. S. (2013).Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. Nelson Education. Kock, N. (2013). Using WarpPLS in E-Collaboration Studies: Descriptive Statistics, Settings.Interdisciplinary Applications of Electronic Collaboration Approaches and Technologies,62. McEwen, W., Dean, I. E. (2015). Riverside City College Descriptive Statistics for Math Placement and Math Success 2014-2015. McMillan, J. H., Schumacher, S. (2014).Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry. Pearson Higher Ed. Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., Vining, G. G. (2015).Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Qiao, Y., Liu, L., Zhang, Y., Anwar, Z., Mirbagheri, S., Xie, Y. Y., ... Suri, F. (2015). Abstract T P108: MRI measurements of intracranial atherosclerosis in the ARIC neurocognitive study: methods, reliability and descriptive statistics.Stroke,46(Suppl 1), ATP108-ATP108. Samuels, M. L., Witmer, J. A., Schaffner, A. (2012).Statistics for the life sciences. Pearson education. Seber, G. A., Lee, A. J. (2012).Linear regression analysis(Vol. 936). John Wiley Sons. Weiss, N. A., Weiss, C. A. (2012).Introductory statistics. London: Pearson Education.